Film Review Dracula By Bram Stoker Essay - 1743 Words

Whenever a novel is published there usually is a movie to follow, but one may wonder why they are so different. Some believe filmmakers change the comparison due to having to shortening the novel into movie. Trying to keep the film watchers engaged, there are many ways to change a novel into a completely different story, whether it has to do with changing the roles of the main characters, scenes, theme, time period, or even the overall story. After reading the gothic novel Dracula written by Bram Stoker in 1897, it is amazing how the storyline is similar to the 1931 horror film, Dracula directed by Browning, starring Bela Lugosi. However, they differ in many key characteristics confusing the audience. Although the Dracula novel and film are similar in many aspects, the filmmakers of the 1931 Dracula give different roles to the main characters, exclude major sexual content, amplify the character of the Count, and change the scenes to bring out the monstrosity and time period, making the film more interesting than the 1897 novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. Throughout the 1931 film Dracula the filmmakers change the roles of the main characters in Bram Stoker’s novel. After having the knowledge and understanding of the storyline of the book, one might be very confused when watching this film. The filmmakers take the characters from Bram Stokers novel and switch them around, giving the main roles to other individuals. One may say the filmmaker does this to provide a differentShow MoreRelatedFilm Review : Dracula By Bram Stoker Essay1789 Words   |  8 Pageschanges in order to shorten the book into a movie. Trying to keep the film watchers engaged, there are many ways to change a novel into a completely different story, whether it has to do with changing the roles of the main characters, scenes, theme, time period, or even the overall story. After reading the gothic book Dracula written by Bram Stoker in 1897, it is amazing how the storyline is similar to the 1 931 horror film, Dracula directed by Browning, starring Bela Lugosi. However, they differ inRead MoreAbraham Stoker and Theater1231 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham (Bram) Stoker began his life bedridden, weak, and helpless. Stoker, third of seven children, was born in Clontarf, a suburb of Dublin, on November 8, 1847 (Whitelaw 9). His parents were Abraham Stoker, from Dublin, and Charlotte Mathilda Blake Thornley, who was raised in County Sligo (â€Å"Bram Stoker†). He spent most of his early childhood laying in bed, watching his brothers and sisters play outside through a dusty old window. â€Å"As a child, he wondered if he would get sicker--if he would endRead MoreAbraham Bram Stoker: A Brief Biography705 Words   |  3 PagesAbraham Bram Stoker, born in Dublin on November 8, 1847, was an Irish novelist, theatre critic and short story writer. As a child, Stoker was often ill and he spent most of his time in bed. His mother, who was as a charity worker and a writer, told h im horror stories that, most likely, had influenced his later writings. The ones he found most interesting were the stories about the cholera epidemic in 1832, which killed thousands of people in Europe and North America. In 1864, Stoker enrolled at theRead MoreEssay about Bram Stoker1449 Words   |  6 PagesBram Stoker Bram Stoker unleashed his horrific creation on an unsuspecting world over one hundred years ago. One could hardly imagine that his creature of the night would delight and inhabit the nightmares of every generation between his and ours. Count Dracula has become an icon of evil, and is perhaps the most widely recognized bogeyman in all of world literature. To date, there have been over one hundred films made about Dracula or other assorted vampires, not to mention countless novelsRead MoreBram Stoker : Father Of All Vampires1786 Words   |  8 PagesEric Ruiz Mrs. Cahill English 5/7/2017 Bram Stoker: Father of All Vampires There are a lot of new horror movies coming soon to theatres this 2017, and they have tons of hype building up from people all over the world. There was also a recent social media phenomenon that took place where random people would roam the streets in the dark, dressed as evil clowns, only to terrify and spook the public. The popularity of the horror genre is only increasing and advancing as the years go by, but who wereRead MoreHow Dracula Is The Most Famous Literary Vampire1658 Words   |  7 Pages An Immortal Soul: Why Dracula is the Most Famous Literary Vampire The title character and antagonist of Bram Stoker’s 1897 novel Dracula is an easily recognizable character in the Western canon. Without ever reading the book or watching any of the countless movie adaptations, people will craft vampire characters with feelings and behaviors nearly identical to those of Dracula. However, Dracula’s success is not because it was the first novel of its kind. Vampiric literature had been around forRead MoreSubverted 19th Century Traditional Social Mores and Norms in Dracula1059 Words   |  5 PagesMores and Norms in Dracula Bram Stoker’s Dracula remains one of the more recognizable novels of its genre despite being published in 1897. A classic horror story which has been retold and produced over and over again since its original publication, Dracula was especially disturbing when it originally was released because of how Stoker attacks Victorian era social mores and norms throughout the entire novel. Stoker subverts traditional 19th Century social mores and norms in Dracula through the portrayalRead MoreComparing Bram Stoker’s Dracula and the 1972 Film Blacula Essay1917 Words   |  8 PagesBram Stoker’s Dracula is not only a classic story of men and monsters, but a dramatic reactionary work to the perceived threats to Victorian society in nineteenth century England. In modern times there have been many film adaptations of the novel, each developing a unique analysis or criticism of the literary text within the framework of the society and time period in which it was created. T he 1972 film Blacula is one of the most culturally specific variations on the story of Dracula, and highlightsRead MoreBram Stokers Dracula: A Variation of a Classic Work in Modern Time1509 Words   |  7 Pagesdeath of his one true love, as he chose to become the undead. Director, Francis Ford Coppola, in his work, â€Å"Bram Stoker’s Dracula†, reaches beyond the words to prove Dracula was more than a monster in creating the movie. Coppola focuses on Dracula as a man, as well as a knight, who is both deeply in love with his church and his bride. The historical elements in the writings of Bram Stoker come to life more so in Coppola’s work with the movie, than in the book. My goal of this paper is to prove howRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Modern Vampires on Society1980 Words   |  8 Pagesbought the first book because I was wondering why this genre is so famous. I was surprised and I continued reading. Then I researched further. I was a kind of skeptical, b ut also addicted reader. Finally, I made a conclusion that Bram Stoker, the author of the novel â€Å"Dracula† is certainly turning over in his grave. After I got used to the fact that in this century vampires in literature are vegetarians, spark in the sunlight, all of them are attractive creatures with a 17-year-old body, but with a 104

Poetry Comparative Essay Guide - 1500 Words

Writing A Good Comparative Essay – GCSE Poetry You will be asked to compare two or more poems in your exam. You could be asked to write about the presentation of themes, people or places and the importance of language. A good comparative essay is like a multi-layered sandwich: †¢ BREAD - A new point. †¢ FILLING A - How one of your chosen poems illustrates this point. †¢ FILLING B - How your other chosen poem illustrates this point. †¢ BREAD - Your conclusion about this point. This is what the examiners call cross-referencing - you talk about both poems all the way through your answer. What the examiner will look for: When marking your essay, the examiner will look to see whether you have appreciated and explored the: †¢ ideas †¢ attitudes and†¦show more content†¦What is the Examiner looking for in an A* response to the Poetry? An A* response is characterised by a conceptualised, insightful and imaginative approach to the texts that combines an analytical and exploratory use of detail in each poem individually with evaluative comparison across both poems discussed in the answer. Essentially, an A* response will set itself apart from the hundreds of other responses because it has an individual and unique approach that shows the writer has developed their own individual ideas about the texts. This approach is characterised by a confident engagement with the themes, ideas, relationships and technical construction of the poems. Equally, the writer of an A* response will show comparative skill; making links and cross referencing the poems using telling detail to form the basis of insightful comparisons between the poems. At first this may appear daunting but with a ruthless and systematic approach it can be achieved. Essentially, the key to performing at this level is having your own ideas; if you can form your own opinions about each of the poems then you will be able to write this kind of essay. The real skill here is to marry the ideas that you have with a written style that allows you to showcase them in the examination. You might begin and end your response with some theoretical discussion of the concept in the title question. In the case of this question, the concept is death, therefore you might begin your essayShow MoreRelatedAmerican Renaissance (Literature)1541 Words   |  7 Pagescrop. As the years passed, the interests of the North and South became obvious. The South resented the progress of the North and blamed them of ‘aggrandizement. Northerners, on the other hand, declared that slavery was responsible of the Souths comparative backwardness. From the middle of the 1840s the question of slavery was the gravest problem in America. The South, from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River, was a political unit which agreed on all fundamental policies in connection with cottonRead MoreCranes: Poetry and William Cullen Bryant1924 Words   |  8 PagesCREDIT FOR ALL CLASSES ESW IB Lang and Lit ↠ Paper 1 Sample TextsExaminers comments for Sample Paper 1 Essays → Paper 1 Sample Essays Posted on October 18, 2012 by tonyapaul Please read the Paper 1 Sample Texts before you read this post. Then try to write your own analysis and compare it to the following HL samples. Paper 1 HL Sample 1.1 (birds) In this comparative commentary, Cranes by Jennifer Ackerman and To a Waterfowl by William Cullen Bryant will be compared andRead MoreHistory As Told By The Poet2874 Words   |  12 Pagestyrannous reign of man is finite, the unknown artist s craft survives as a means to honestly depict the past. Shelley, as a poet, commiserates with the unknown artist, and argues that their endeavors of creation are alike. Thus, Shelley asserts that poetry not only stands the test of time, but also uses it to reveal truths of mankind. It s a common misconception that Shelley was inspired by the head of a statue of Rameses II (the Egyptian king known, at the time, as either Ozymandias or Young Memnon)Read MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 PagesHistory and Class Consciousness Preface THE collection and publication of these essays in book form is not intended to give them a greater importance as a whole than would be due to each individually. For the most part they are attempts, arising out of actual work for the party, to clarify the theoretical problems of the revolutionary movement in the mind ,of the author and his readers. The exceptions to this are the two essays Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat and Towards a MethodologyRead MoreVirgil Analysis of Dante Inferno Essay example2202 Words   |  9 Pagesretrieve Dante and act as his guide through Hell and Purgatory.   Since the poet Virgil lived before Christianity, he dwells in Limbo (Ante-Inferno) with other righteous non-Christians.   As author, Dante chooses the character Virgil to act as his guide because he admired Virgils work above all other poets and because Virgil had written of a similar journey through the underworld.   Thus, Virgils character knows the way through Hell and can act as Dantes knowledgeable guide while he struggles alongsideRead MoreResearch into Poetry Translation Essay1995 Words   |  8 PagesResearch into poetry translation dominates translation studies (Jones, 2011:181), due to the genre’s high status (Bassnett, 2002:114) and the â€Å"rich variety of problems† (Jones, 2011:182) it poses translators. This essay will discuss the challenges faced by poetry translators - both those which all literary translators encounter and those specifically relevant to poetry. I will illustrate my points by referring to Roy Campbell’s translation (Fleurs du mal, 2014) of Baudelaire’s 1861 poem L’AlbatrosRead More The Historical Significance of Dantes Divine Comedy Essay2452 Words   |  10 Pagespurgatory and heaven is one of the worlds great poems, and a prime example of a most splendidly realized integration of life with art. More than being merely great poetry, or a chronicle of contemporary events, which it also is, the `Comedy is a study of human nature by a man quite experienced with it. The main argument I will make in this essay is that Dantes `Comedy is chiefly a work of historical significance because in it lies the essence of human life across all boundaries of time and place. IRead MoreA Comparative Study of the Influence of the Pinoy Rap Battle â€Å"Fliptop† and Balagtasan to High School Students6886 Words   |  28 PagesA Comparative Study of the Influence of the Pinoy Rap Battle â€Å"Fliptop† and Balagtasan to High School Students of xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx A Research Work Presented to: The Faculty of High School Department (xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx) In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Secondary Academic Course Presented by: xxxxxxxxxxxxx X – Aristotle xxxxxxxx, Philippines March, 2012 Chapter I Introduction Fliptop is a rap battle league that puts two people in a match to have them insultRead MoreTraditional Grammar6238 Words   |  25 Pages | | |1. Introduction | | |This guide is designed mainly for students who havent been taught formal grammar at school, and find that the study of   medieval | | |literature at University level requires basic language skills that they dont have. ItRead MoreMethods of Qualitative of Data Collection19658 Words   |  79 Pagesthe primary and the secondary methods to be considered in designing a qualitative study. This discussion does not replace the many excellent, detailed references on data collection (we refer to several at the end of this chapter). Its purpose is to guide the proposal writer in stipulating the methods of choice for his study and in describing for the reader how the data will inform his research questions. How the researcher plans to use these methods, however, depends on several considerations. Chapter

India in 2020 free essay sample

Unless and until there is rather a global war or a great, devastating natural calamity during the coming six-seven years, I am confident of witnessing a number of great changes in our over-all set-up. On the population front, we are sure to be the first in the world, leaving even China far behind. There would be far less room for each of us to live on, the availability of water, medical-care and jobs would be another comparatively much reduced. However, the only ray of hope amidst this dark, gloomy prospect lies in the possibility of other green and white revolutions to materialize, increasing the availability ample, rich, and nourishing food to all. The availability of solar energy and its use on a massive scale would reduce our dependence on fossil fuel. Likewise, the generation of electricity from atomic technology is sure to help us overcome the existing power shortage. On the strength of our great man-power and successful, functioning of democratic governance, our voice would be heard with utmost attention in the World Community. We will write a custom essay sample on India in 2020 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We would be a member of the Security Council and are sure to be treated as a big World Power as are the U. S. and the USSR these days. In computer and information technology, as well as in health-services, our experts and specialists will be holding highly responsible positions all over the world. The country will make great strides in agriculture and armaments owing to which, we shall be a major supplier of food grains and military hardware to other countries of the world. I see an exceptionally bright future for India in the exploration of the space. Our astronauts will not only travel in Indian made rockets in the space on a regular basis; but would also succeed in landing on the moon. Some of our space missions would explore the Mars and other planets. There would be successful launching and establishing in the space of many of our satellites that would forecast on weather, send pictures of high mountain tops, rivers and oceans and help us in the development of communication work. The coming years may also bring into limelight some young, energetic, highly educated, dedicated leaders at the national level. They are sure to come to the forefront of the governance, take over the reins from the old guards and steer the country out of its present mess. Politics of caste, religion and favouritism may be a thing of the past. The policy of giving jobs on the basis of recommendation and reservation is likely to yield to merit and qualification. By the year 2020, I visualize most of the great cities of the country going in for their own individual Metros, which would not only reduce pollution but would make local transportation safe and fast. Even the long distance trains are sure to start moving faster, be less crowded and prove to be safer. The over ¬all living standard of the people would rise; television-sets and phones would be available in all the houses and so would increase the number of mobiles and cars. However, parking problem may worsen. The rush of the people from rural areas to the cities is sure to be arrested as all our villages are going to be, virtually/ self-sufficient in all respects, including transport, health, education, power and marketing. Each village would have a focal point for the new industries to be established and prosper. There would be local purchasing centers, thus avoiding the need to go to a city for selling the farm produce.

The Effect of Study Habits on the Academic Performance free essay sample

THE EFFECT OF STUDY HABITS ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF FRESHMEN Information Technology STUDENTS IN National UNIVERSITY, Sampaloc Manila, SCHOOL YEAR 2010-2011† A research proposal Table of Contents Chapter Page 1 The Problem Introduction . 1 Conceptual Framework . . . 3 Schematic Diagram . . . . . 3 Statement of the Problem.. . . .. 5 Null Hypothesis.. . . . . . . . 6 Significance of the Study.. . . . .. 6 Scope and Limitations.. . . . . .. 8 Definition of Terms.. . . . . . . . 8 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies. . . .. 10 3 Research Methodology.. . . . . .. 17 Research Design. . . . . . . . . 17 Samplings and Respondents.. . . . . . 17 Research Setting.. . . . . . . .. 18 Data Gathering.. . . . . . . . . 18 Instruments Use.. . . . . . . . . 19 Bibliography.. . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 Appendices.. . . . . . . . . . . .. 23 Curriculum Vitae.. . . . . . . . . 27 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM A. Introduction The extent of student’s learning in acade mics may be determined by the grades a student earns for a period of learning has been done. It is believed that a grade is a primary indicator of such learning. If a learner earns high grades it is concluded that they may also have learned a lot while low grades indicate lesser learning. However, many experiences and studies found out that there are also several factors that would account for the grades. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Study Habits on the Academic Performance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page No single factor can be definitely pointed out as predicting grades. It has been an interplay of so many factors – gender, IQ, study habits, age, year level, parent’s educational attainment, social status, number of siblings, birth order, etc. In fact, almost all of existing environmental and personal factors are a variable of academic performance. However, at this point in time, the researchers would like to investigate the possible relationship of study habits and the factors affecting it to the academic achievement of under graduate education students of National University-Manila. The investigation of on this area thus becomes a real and compelling motivation for the researchers to conduct this study. B. Conceptual Framework Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLE Study Habits Time Management Learning Skills Study Skills Independent variables as it influence the dependent variable of this research are on the bases of psychological and educational theories, principles and concepts. Many studies say that learning are better acquired and mastered as soon as the learner attends to it. Gestalt psychology mentions the Law of Proximity referring to the way in which he tends to form groups according to the way they are spaced, with the nearer once being grouped together (Tria, et. Al. , 1998). As applied to learning, this refers to the closeness in space or in time. Furthermore, it explains why it is easier to remember recent events and hence more easily joined with the interest of the present in a common Gestalt (tria, et. Al. , 1998). In application to learning process, immediate and regular study periods and doing school requirements tend to result in a better performance than delayed and erratic study periods do. Diverse study techniques, even for the improvement of memory tress the importance of immediacy in remembering and learning. Thorndikes Law of Exercise further supports this kind of principle asserting that, other things being equal, the more frequent a modifiable connection between a situation and response is used, the stronger is the connection. When a modifiable connection between a situation and a response is not being use over a period of time, the strength of that connection is weakened. A behaviour that is stimulated over regular periods wil l tend to be repeated leading to habit formation. A student who has developed this kind of behaviour, in this case, in terms of having regular and scheduled study periods and follows certain methods in studying proves to have better performance. The study focuses on the factors affecting study habits, influencing the academic performance of the student. In this view, the researchers wanted to study the factors in which affect the study habits. C. Statement of the Problem This study intended to find out the factors affecting the study habits of undergraduate XU -Education students. It also aimed to answer the following questions: 1) What is the profile of the respondents according to: 1. Time management 1. 2 Learning Skills 1. 3 Study Skills 2) What extent of influence did the independent variables have on student study habits? 3) Did the independent variables significantly influence students study habits? D. Null Hypothesis Based on the three specific problems which are of concern of this research, problem 1 is hypothesis-free. For problems 2 and 3 however, the following null hypotheses were stated. Ho1: The independent variables do not significantly influence the study habits. Ho2: Time management, Learning skills and study skills do not have a significant influence on study habits E. Significance of the Study The researchers believes that students, particularly National University will be benefited from the findings of this study since the study provides basis for awareness and better understanding of how their current study habits affected their academic performance. Likewise gives them a more focused and clear perspective on how the specific behaviors related to their studies influenced study habits. Consequently, this awareness also gives a much deeper understanding of their selves as students considering that the college life is typically beset of developmental adjustment demands. School administrators, like subject area coordinators, may also be guided in the formulation of future modification of educational policies, curriculum and strategies toward a more effective delivery of learning. Teachers will also be help in understanding better the diversity of learning of their students. As such, it is hoped that they could develop more effective methodologies in teaching their subject matter. Guidance and Counselling Centre will also be help by this study through providing a more focused and factual knowledge on the factors affecting students study habits. This increased the understanding of the Guidance Counsellors on the interplay of the variables studied in this research. Such knowledge is hoped to help the Guidance and Counselling practitioners towards the development and implementation of more effective programs in consideration of these variables. Students will be given information on how study affects their academic performance. The result of the study will make them aware of the common study habits among their co- education students. Future Researchers, they may be able to use the result of the study in farther research similar to what the study is. F. Scope and Limitations The scopes of this research are the Education students here in National University of all year levels. The limitations of this research are only those students that are currently enrolled at NU and is having the prescribe study load for a given semester. Only those undergraduate IT students are allowed to participate in the research. This study considered only National University and the students of it. This may have an effect on the generalizability of the study and its findings. However, its findings, at least some portion and extent of it may still hold true to other schools possessing the same characteristics or adhering to the same educational vision, mission, objectives, and curricula of the studies of National University. G. Definition of Terms Constitutive Definition: †¢ Factors- one that actively contributes to an accomplishments, results, or process †¢ Develop- to bring out the capabilities or possibilities of †¢ Study Habits- manner which you consistently use to study for school or college or even for the next day lesson. †¢ Students- describe as one who directs zeal at a subject. Student is used for anyone who is learning. Operational Definition: †¢ Factors- these refers to anything that affects study habits †¢ Develop- refers to fast or gradual changes in a range of time †¢ Study Habits- refers to the ways of studying on aparticular subject †¢ NU Students- referring to all officially enrolled students of National University Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE STUDIES According to Palm Beach Community College (PBBC, 2008), they recommend that student’s study should have at least three hours out of class for every hour spent in class. They also said that a student must have a special place to study with plenty of room to work. And students should not be cramped. They presupposes thatstudy time will go better if a learner take a few minutes at the start to straighten things up. A desk and straight-backed chair is usually best. â€Å" Dont get too comfortablea bed is a place to sleep, not to study† as what they said. A student must have everything close at hand (book, pencils, paper, coffee, dictionary, computer, calculator, tape recorder, etc. ) before starting to study. Students are not suggested tospend ontime jumping up and down to get things. The PBCC suggests also thatdistracting noise shouldbe minimized however they said that there aresome people need sound and some like silence. In this case, a learner must finds what works for him or her. Culprits are family and friends. consider a do not disturb sign and turning on your answering machine is the way also to have better study habits according to the PBBC.. Frank Pogue(2000) did a research project to determine why students fail. What he founds to be true in that study habits survey was that more than 30 years ago still rings true todaystudents fail because they do not know how to study . The best advice he can give is to develop sound study skills. He said that a student should make sure that he/she has a good study environment, a good desk, a sturdy chair, good light, comfortable room temperature and a quiet atmosphere. That means he/she should eliminate all external and internal distractions. Second, get a good overview of the assignment before starting the work. Know what skills, facts and ideas that are expected to master and the ground that are expected to cover. Start with most difficult subject first, while the mind is freshest and most receptive. Professors in the developing countries said that the undergraduate students should be fully equip with high level of analytical skills, the capacity for critical reasoning, self-reflection and conceptual grasp and ability to learn autonomously and exercise flexibility of mind (Simmons 2003). Study habits are said to be improving because of the advent and wide use of the Internet, hypertext, and multimedia resources which greatly affects the Study Habits (Liu, 2005). Karim and Hassan (2006) also note the exponential growth digital information, which changes the way students perceive studying and with printed materials that are to be use in facilitating study. Liu (2005) and Ramirez (2003) report that students print material from the Internet in order to study and read later on. Igun (2005) also found that Nigerians study from materials downloaded from the Internet. Reading is an attempt to absorb the thought of the author and know what the author is conveying (Leedy 1956). Studying is the interpretation of reading materials. Study habits and skills are particularly important for college students, whose needs include time management, note taking, Internet skill, the elimination of distractions, and assigning a high priority to study. Fielden (2004) states that good study habits help the student in critical reflection in skills outcomes such as selecting, analyzing, critiquing, and synthesizing. Nneji (2002) states that study habits are learning tendencies that enable students work private. The study conducted by Hope L. Graven (2008) on the relationship between an individuals amount of caffeine consumption during his/her study session and the individuals study habits showed that the main effect of drinking caffeine on exam preparation was not significant There were participants, 20 male and 58 female college students (N=78), answered self- ratings on their personal consumption of caffeine as ell as their study habits when preparing for a test/exam. It was hypothesized that the more caffeine a student consumes while studying, the more accurately his or her study habits would be labeled as unhealthy, as determined by the researchers. Unhealthy study habits were operationally defined as low scores on amount of time per study session, time(in days) when preparation began, and amount of information the participants believed they had retained. High scores on anxiety level were in cluded in unhealthy study habits. A Pearson correlation indicated no relationship between amount of caffeine consumed while studying and the individuals effectiveness of studying and preparation. Marcus Crede and Nathan R. Kuncel (2008) in their research at the University of Albany said that Study habit, skill, and attitude inventories and constructs were found to rival standardized tests and previous grades as predictors of academic performance, yielding substantial incremental validity in predicting academic performance. The meta-analysis examined the construct validity and predictive validity of 10 study skill constructs for college students. They found that study skill inventories and constructs are largely independent of both high school grades and scores on standardized admissions tests but moderately related to various personality constructs; these results were inconsistent with previous theories. Study motivation and study skills exhibit the strongest relationships with both grade point average and grades in individual classes. They also said that Academic specific anxiety was found to be an important negative predictor of performance. In addition, significant variation in the validity of specific inventories is shown. Scores on traditional study habit and attitude inventories are the most predictive of performance, whereas scores on inventories based on the popular depth-of-processing perspective are shown to be least predictive of the examined criteria. Overall, study habit and skill measures improve prediction of academic performance more than any other non-cognitive individual difference variable examined to date and should be regarded as the third pillar of academic success. According to the how-to-study. com (2009), students who are very successful in their desired career have good study habits. It is stated in the website that students apply these habits to all of their classes. The website also recommends some tips in improving study habits. The website also suggests that the student should try not to study all the subjects in just a period. The website also added that if you try to do too much studying at one time, you will tire and your studying will not be very effective. Space the work you have to do over shorter periods of time. Taking short breaks will restore your mental energy. A study conducted by University of Kentucky was to determine if the college success can be improved with the Student Attitude Inventory (SAI). The inventory was developed in Britain and contains 47 items which attempt to identify students in higher education on the basis of: (1) motivation, (2) study methods, (3) examination technique, and (4) lack of distractions toward academic work. Students in six Kentucky community colleges were asked to express their attitudes toward study habits on the Student Attitude Inventory. There were 996 students in the sample population (413 males and 583 females). A measure of ability (composite American College Test score) and academic performance (cumulative grade-point average) were obtained for each student sampled. The Student Attitude Inventory did contribute a statistically significant amount of variance beyond an ability measure for males and females. ( Mark E. Thompson, 2005) According to Mark Crilly (2000), Successful students are able to balance social activities with good study habits. A diversion from studies will alleviate stress and help prevent from becoming fatigued. He said that a student should make sure that he must take a break for an hour after studies to meet with friends, to play some cards, work out at the gym, or to gab with a new acquaintance. For this way, that student will find concentration when he do study, if he plans a social activity afterwards. He said, â€Å"To develop a healthy social life, develop routine study habits. After supper, lug your books and homework to the library, find a comfortable and quiet niche, and study for two or three hours, taking intermittent 10 minute breaks every 45 minutes or so. † Making friends with whom you share similar study habits, and share a table or a study space with them would be a best way in developing study habits as what Mark said. Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the methodology that will be use in the conduct of this study and will include the discussion of research design, samplings, respondents, data gathering and statistical instrument used. A. The Research Design The study will use the descriptive survey design in its attempt to determine, describe and analyze relationships between time management, learning skills, and study skills and the dependent variable which is the study habits. It tries to find out if the independent variables significantly influence the dependent variable. B. Samplings and Respondents Information Students who are enrolled during the recent school year at National University which is comprised 5 percent of the total population will the sample size of the study. The sample population is 286 taken the total from the 1000 Education students of National University. The names of the students of the total population will be arranged alphabetically and according to year levels. Simple stratified random method, proportionate to size will be done based on the random numbers generated by Minitab or Excel. Names will then be picked up and these will be included in the sample population. C. Research Settings The study will be conducted inside the Main Building in National University-Manila. D. Data Gathering The researchers will ask permission from the dean of The College of Computer Studies to allow the education student to answer the questionnaire. The answering of the questionnaire will be done in the Learning Research Centre (LRC). Answered questionnaires then, will be gather, responses coded and will be subject to the appropriate statistical computation for reliability. These students name will then be deleted from the list of the total population so as not to include them again in the selection of the sample population. E. Instruments Use Self- developed questionnaire composed of 10 items questions will be use to measure Study Habits of Education Students. Bibliography Books Tulio, D. , Foundation of Education 2. Mandaluyong City: Echanis Press, 2008 Noll, J. , Educational Issues, USA: Mcgraw-Hill Companies, 2006 Thomas, G. , Education and Theory ( Strangers in Paradigm), New York: Open University Press, 2007 Hargreaves, S. Study Skills for Dyslexic Students, California: SAGE Publication Inc. ,2007 Schultz, F. , Annual Editions Education, USA: Mcgraw-Hill Companies, 2005 Fullan, M. , and Germain, C. , Learning Places, USA: Corwin Press, 2006 McGregor, D. , Developing Thinking Developing Learning, England: Open University Press, 2007 Mirasol, G. C. , Extent of Influence of Study Habits, Attitude and Peer Relationship on Students’ Academic Per formance: St. Michael’s College, Secondary Level, Philippines: 2002 Internet Links The Ten Study Habits of Successful Students†, February 18, 2009 (http://how-to-study. com/study-habits. htm) â€Å"Establishing Good Study Habits†, February 16, 2009 (http://www. academictips. org/acad/literature/establishinggoodstudyhabits. html ) â€Å"Study habits of postgraduate students in selected Nigerian universities†, February 14, 2009: by Igun, Stella E. ,Adogbeji, Oghenevwogaga Benson (http://www. articlearchives. com/education-training/students-student-life/1548550-1. html) Appendix COVER LETTER TO THE QUESTIONAIRE ON STUDY HABITS Dear_______________________, A blessed day! I have the honor to request your participation in the study presently conducted by the researchers in National University. The study wants to know the factors affecting study habits and their relationships on your academic performance. Its respondents are the undergraduate students of this university. Such study is a requirement for the completion of the subject Technical Writing And Research Report currently taking at National University, Sampaloc, Manila. We are therefore requesting you to give this questionnaire your utmost attention. Rest assured that your responses here will only be used for the study and therefore are confidential from other persons not related in any way to the study. Thank you very much. Sincerely, Abillon. Jr, Danilo Javier, Franz Josef Tutaan, Lord Alfonse Rosita, Jaysi The researchers Survey Questionnaire on Study Habits Name_______________________ Course Year______________ Age______ Gender_______ Date________________ Direction:  Please put check (v)  on  the  space  that corresponds to what  you are actually doing, thinking, and feeling  regarding  the  statement. There are no right and wrong answers to this questionnaire. Rest assured  that your answers will be  treated  in strictest and will be  used  only for  this study. 1. What is your gender? Male_____  Female______ 2. What year are you in college? 1st  year____  2nd year_____  3rd year_____  4th year______ 3. What is your average grade? 4. 0____  3. 5__ _ _ __  3. 0______  2. 5______2. 0______  1. 5_____1. 0______ 4. How far in advance do you start studying for finals? One month____Two weeks______One week_____Days before_____ The night before_______ 5. What time of day do you do the most studying? Morning (6 a. . to noon)_____  Afternoon (noon to 6 p. m. )_____ Evening (6 p. m. to 9 p. m. )_____  Night (9 p. m. to 12 a. m. )_____ Late night (12 a. m. to 6 a. m. )_____ 6. On average, how many hours do you study for finals? 20-24 hours______  15-19 hours_______10-14 hours_______   5-9 hours________1-4 hours_______ 7. What is your favorite way to study ? Repeating points out loud_____  Writing index/flash cards, then using them_______ Writing outlines_______  Highlighting text______ studying in a group__________ Going to review sessions______ Other, please describe : ________________ 8. Where is your favorite place to study? Dorm room_____  Bedroom_______  Dorm common room/lounge_______ Library______  Coffee shop_______  Parents’ home______  Campus ______ Pub/Bar__ _ __ Student union_______  Other, please describe:_______________ 9. What is your favorite study break? Exercise_______  Watching TV/movie____ Surfing the Internet_______ Napping_________  Socializing______  Playing video games________ Praying/meditating__ _ __ _  Other, please describe: _______________ 10. Do you feel increased stress or anxiety leading up to exam time? Yes____  No_____